world history part 6

England
United Kingdom includes the Islands of England,
Scotland and Ireland
The inhabitance of England in the Neolithic Age
were known as Iberians.
Julius Caesar captured England in BC 55 and the
Romans ruled England for 367 years.
After the Romans England came in the hands of
Anglo-Saxons.
First priest to rule England was Dunston.
Christianity reached England for the first time by
the coming of Romans.
Ceadmon was the first English poet and Bede was
the first English historian.
The Magna Carta was signed by King John of
England in AD 1215 at Runnymede. The
Magnacarta is described as the ‘Bible of the English Constitution’. It is also known as the ‘Bible
of English Liberty’.
Innocent III was the Pope when the Magna Carta
was signed.
The Hundred years war (1338-1453) fought between England and France started during the period of King Edward III.
The Peasants Revolt in England was in 1381.
Battle of Roses were the civil wars in England.
The Great Plague in London broke out in 1665.
The system of Parliament originated in England
during the period of Henry I.
The Stuart king of England believed in the
Divine Right Theory of Kingship’.
James I, the Stuart king wrote a book ‘‘The Law of
Free Monarchies’’.
Stuart king Charles I dissolved the Parliament in
1629 and did not summoned it till 1640.
He resummoned the Parliament in 1640 and ended
in 1660. It is known as Long Parliament.
Civil War in England started in 1642. Oliver
Cromwell led England after the Civil War. He ruled
with the little ‘Lord Protector’.
Charles first was beheaded publically in 1649.
The Petition of Rights was accepted by the British Parliament in 1628.
The Bloodless revolution or Glorious Revolution
occurred in England in 1688.
Through the Bloodless Revolution English king
JamesII was dethroned and Mary, the daughter
of Charles I and her husband William of Orange
came to power in England.
Whigs’ and ‘Torys’ the political parties of England originated during the period of Charles II.
Habeas Corpus Act was passed in England in
1679 during the period of Charles II.
The Bill of Rights was accepted in England after
the Glorious Revolution in 1689.
In 1707 by the Act of UnionEngland and Scotland joined together and became ‘Great Britain’.
By ‘the Act of Union’ of 1801 Great Britain and
Northern Ireland joined together and it became
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
But Ireland was delinked in 1921 and Northern
Ireland became part of England.
The official name of England is ‘‘United kingdom
of Great Britain and Northern Ireland’.
Pound Sterling’ is the Currency of England.
Robert Walpole was
the first Prime Minister
of England and the first
in the world to hold the
post of Prime Minister.
He laid the foundation
of Cabinet system. He
became the Prime Minister in 1721.
The Industrial Revolution first started in
England in the second
half of the 18th century
with the rapid growth of applied sciences, power
driven machines replaced handwork.
The Agrarian Revolution also took place in Britain.
The Commonwealth of Nations’ is an association of those free nations which were previously
the part of British Empire.

The delegates send each other by Common Wealth
Countries are known as High Commissioners and
delegates send by Common Wealth nations to other
countries are known as Ambassadors.
The Falklands War was fought between England
and Argentina in 1982.
Stanley is the capital of Falkland Island. Britain
came out victorious in the battle. It is a British
colony even today.
10 Dowining Street is the official residence of
the British Prime Ministers.
Tony Blair of Labour Party is the Prime Minister
of England.
Princess Diana died in a car accident along with
Dodi Al Fayed in Paris.
Buckingham Palace is the residence of British
Monarch.
United States of America
America was discovered by Christopher Columbus in 12th October 1492.
In the first quarter of the 17th century some
protestants from England migrated to the southern part of North America to escape from the religious persecution of James I. They came to be
known as ‘pilgrim fathers’. They sailed to
America in a ship named, ‘The May Flower’.
Britain established its first colony in Jamestown
in Virginia in 1607.
American War of Independence
The American war of independence was fought
between the American colonies and the Britain.
The leader of colonies was George Washington.
The Stamp Act was passed in 1765.
The Navigation Act was passed in 1651.
The Town Shent Act was passed in 1767. These
Acts were passed to control and exploit the colonies.
The Boston Tea Party of 1773 was associated
with the American Revolution. To protest against
the tax on tea, the revolutionaries threw tea boxes
from the ship anchored in the Boston Port. This
incident is known as Boston Tea Party.
‘‘No taxation without representation’’ was the famous slogan associated with the American Revolution.
The representatives of the 13 colonies met at the
First Continental Congress at Philadelphia in
1774.
Second Philadelphia Congress was met in 1776
and it adopted the Declaration of Independence
on 4 July 1776.
The Declaration of American Independence was
drafted by Thomas Jefferson.
By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, the United States
of America came to being.
The Constitution of America was adopted in 1789.
The Civil War in America was during 1861-65
Abraham Lincoln was the
President during Civil War.
The city of Chicago in
America has the largest
number of rail roads.
Uncle Tom’s Cabin’’ of
Harriet Beechstowe published for the first time in
1852.
Statue of Liberty is situated
in the Liberty Island in the Newyork Port. It has
91 meter height.
Eagle is the National bird of America.
American women got voting right in 1920.
John Jai (1789-95) was the first Chief Justice of
America.
Baseball is the National game of America.
Golden Rod is the National Symbol of America

The residence of American President got the
name White House during the period of Theodor
Roosevelt.
George Washington is the father of America.
He became the President of America in 1789.
Thomas Jefferson was the third President of
America.
President who abolished slavery in America was
Abraham Lincoln. He was the 16th President of
America. He worked as storekeeper and village
postmaster. He abolished slavery in 1862. He was
assassinated in 1865 while watching a drama,
Our American Cousin’ in the Fords Theatre
alongwith his wife. He was assassinated by John
Wilksbooth. Lincoln is known as ‘‘Great
Immancipator’’.
First modern census was held in America in 1790.
49th Parallel separates America and Canada.
William Henry Harrison was the President who
ruled the least term.
James Madison is known as the father of American Constitution.
Ronald Reagan was the only filmstar who became
American President.
Chicago International Airport is the world’s busiest airport.
Gand Canyon in the Colarado river in America is
the biggest Gorge in the world.
United States Library of Congress is the largest
library in the world.
American Museum of Natural History is the largest museum in the world.
Port of New-York and New Jersy is the largest
port in the world.
Grant Central Terminal in Newyork city is the biggest railway station in the world.
Yerkis Observatory of Illinois University has the
largest refractor telescope.
General Sherman’ in California is the biggest
tree in the world.
Coast Redwood in the Redwood National Park in
California is the tallest tree in the world.
The first American President to be assassinated
was Abraham Lincoln.
Other American Presidents who were assassinated
James A Garfield in 1881
William McKinley in 1901
John F Kennedy in 1963
USA has two political parties - Republicans and
Democrates.
Great Depression striked America in 1930’s
There are 50 states and one district in the U.S.A
District of Columbia (Washington DC) on the
banks of Potomak river is Americas capital district.
New York is the largest city in America.
Chicago is known as the City of Winds.
Newyork city is situated on the banks of Hudson
river.
Important Battles
Hundred Years War(1337-1453) : England and
France
Seven Years War (1756-1763) : French were
defeated by the English
Battle of Trafalgar(1805) : British fleet (under
Nelson) defeated the combined fleet of France
and Spain.
Battle of Water Loo (1815) : British force led
by Duke of Wellington defeated French force
led by Napolean Bonaparte.
Opium War (1839-1842) : China and Britain
Crimean War(1853-1856) : War between Russia and the alliance of England, France, Turkey and Sardinia.
Boer War (1899 - 1902) : Fought in South Africa between the British and the Boers (settlers of Dutch descent in South Africa)
World War I (1914 - 1918) : Germany (with
Austria, Hungary) against Britain (with Russia, France, Japan, Canada and Belgium)
World War II(1935 - 1945) : Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan) against the Allies (Great
Britain, U.S.A., U.S.S.R, China) Axis powers
were defeated.


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